关于降低钢管及防腐层损坏风险：
How to reduce the risk of damage of steel tubes and anticorrosive coating:

1) 平行堆放；并且下层钢管要用四条方木垫起，保证管子平直，防止防腐管在地面划伤。
The tubes should be piled up in parallel; meanwhile, the lower steel tubes should be underplayed with 4 square limbers to ensure the flatness of tubes so that the anticorrosive coating won’t be scratched by the floor.
2) 对于拉运防腐钢管的集港车辆有专门的装运要求：保持车内整洁；车厢两侧加装固定挡杆，并用胶皮使防腐钢管与其隔离，防止损伤防腐层；并且管体之间用胶皮隔开，防止相互碰撞；用尼龙袋固定管体，防止钢管运输期间滑落。
Special requirement on the installation and transportation of vehicles at the container harbor: the vehicles should be kept clean inside; fixed catch levers should be installed on both sides of the vehicle; the tubes should be separated by rubber sheets to prevent them from collision; the tubes should be fixed by nylon bags to prevent tubes from falling off during the transportation.
3) 铁路装运钢管需用草垫铺于车厢内固定钢管防止滚动，并且草垫上附于胶皮防止下雨草垫对钢管的侵蚀。管体之间用胶皮隔开，防止相互碰撞。
In case the steel tubes are transported by railway, straw mattress should be underplayed inside the vehicle to prevent steel tubes from rolling, and rubber sheets should be put onto the straw mattress so that it won’t erode steel tubes when it rains. The tubes should be separated by rubber sheets to prevent them from collision.
4) 专业吊装人员进行钢管的吊装工作，装卸人员进行专门的吊装培训，并且配备专用工鞋及劳保工具，防止人为对钢管造成损伤；定制专用吊具，不采用紫铜或黄铜材料，防止对管口的损伤；用吊带吊装时，直接勾起吊带，禁止吊带在钢管上滑动；用吊钩作业时，吊钩和钢链绳索不能砸到或撞击到管体或管口上。
The loading shall be done by loading professionals, and specific training should be carried out for unloading workers, and special work shoes and labor protection tools to prevent manmade damages to steel tubes; special lifting appliance should be custom-made without adopting red copper or brass to prevent damages to tube mouths; when uploading with hammocks, the hammocks should be lifted up directly, it is prohibited to slide hammocks on steel tubes; when operating lifting hooks, the hooks and steel chains should not hit the tubes or tube mouths.
5) 钢管装船情况：应尽量选择BOX船船舱内不许有任何异物或材料，从而避免对钢管造成物理损坏、污染和化学反应。船底污水泵必须可以正常使用，从而排除舱内的水。舱口的尺寸必须足够大，以使钢管可以以水平方式顺利地通过舱口；堆放钢管下面要用垫木垫起；船舱两侧或中间与防腐钢管接触的地方，要用木板隔开；装船时减少钢管的横向移动；禁止使用金属加固或隔离材料；为了防止压力集中，管垛与舱壁之间两侧应进行加固，避免钢管和舱壁接触。
Shipment of steel tubes: BOX ships are the best to choose, with nothing inside, so as to avoid physical damages, pollutions and chemical reactions of steel tubes. The waste pump at the bottom of the ship should be in good operating condition for discharging water inside the cabin. The size of hatchway should be large enough so that steel tubes can pass through the hatchway horizontally in a smooth manner; the sole timber should be laid under steel tubes; the wooden boards should be put along flanks or where it touches the anticorrosive coating of steel tubes; the horizontal movement of steel tubes should be reduced while loading; it is prohibited to use metal reinforcement or insulation materials; in order to prevent the concentration of pressures, the tube heaps and flanks of the ship should be reinforced to avoid steel tubes from touching the ship walls.

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