十． 正常运转
Normal operation
装置正常运行应做到水温正常，压力稳定，保证安全可靠。
The normal operation of the device should ensure the normal water temperature, steady pressure, safety and reliability.
1. 为了避免装置内部长水垢，要求进行装置外水处理或加药，应注意加强排污。
1. To avoid producing scale inside the device, it is required to conduct the device treatment with external water or add the drug and to pay more attention to strengthening the sewage drainage.
2. 压力表应清晰可靠，为了保证压力表的正确性。每年要校验一次，不合格的压力表应进行更换。
2. The pressure gauge should be legible and reliable. To ensure the accuracy of pressure gauge, it is required to be verified once a year and the unqualified pressure gauge should be replaced.
3. 为了防止安全阀的阀瓣和阀座粘住，应定期作排放试验，至少每月要进行一次排放试验。
3. To avoid the safety valve clack and seat sticking, it is required to make the discharge test regularly, at least once a month.
4. 注意照明，尤其在压力表处，更应光线明亮，便于观察。
4. Pay attention to the lighting; especially at the pressure gauge, the light should be more bright for the sake of observation.
5. 为了保证每班能安全可靠，经济运行必须做好交接工作，并应有严格的交接班制度。
5. To ensure the safe, reliable and economic operation of each shift, make the handover well and formulate strict regulation for shift relief.
十一． 排污
Sewage drainage
为了防止沉淀物及其它杂质损坏装置，每班要进行一次排污，排污时应注意列事项：
To avoid sediment or other impurities damaging the device, it is required to discharge the sewage once a shift; pay attention to the following items when discharging sewage:
1. 排污时首先将排污阀微开，以便预热排污管道，待管道预热后在缓缓开大，排污完毕后，必须缓缓关闭排污阀。
1. When discharging the sewage, firstly open the drainage valve slightly to preheat the drainage pipeline. After the piping is preheated, open it wide slowly. After discharging the sewage completely, it is required to shut down the drainage valve.
2. 排污时应检查阀门有无渗漏及损坏现象。
2. When discharging the sewage, check whether the valve leaks or is damaged.
十二． 停炉
Furnace shutdown
装置在运行中若遇到下列情况时应立即停炉
Shut down the furnace once the following condition occurs during the device operation:
1. 压力表、安全阀其中有一种或全部失效。
1. The pressure gauge or the safety valve fails to work.
2. 装置受压元件发现裂纹或严重漏水。
2. It is found that the device pressurized element cracks or leaks water severely.
华译网上海翻译公司曾经翻译过大量有关维护保养资料文件，Beijing Chinese Subtitling Translation Service Agency has translated many technical documents about Maintenance.
十三． 维护保养
Maintenance
1. 装置在运行期间应每班检查风机及水泵运转是否正常。
1. Each shift should inspect whether the blower fan and the water pump work normally during the device operation.
2. 装置在运行三个月后，清除装置内的水垢及泥渣，可用酸洗法和碱煮法，清除水垢后用清水冲洗干净。
2. Three months after the device operation, clear the scale and sludge within the device with the pickling process and soda boiling process. Wash the device with clean water after clearing the scale.
3. 装置长期不用的保养方法有干法和湿法两种，停炉时间较长可采用干法保养。
3. The maintenance methods for the device that has not been used for a long period have dry and wet two methods. The dry method can be applied to the furnace that has not been used for a very long time.
3.1干法保养：
3.1 Maintenance in the dry method:
装置停用后应放净水，将内部冲洗干净，在炉膛内用微火烘干，然后将10～20mm块状的生石灰从人孔及手孔中装入锅筒内(注意不使生石灰与锅筒钢板直接接触)，然后将阀门关闭，每隔三个月应检查一次，对粉状的生石灰应进行更换。
After stopping using the device, wash the inside device cleanly, dry it with slow fire within the hearth. Then fill the boiler drum with 10～20mm lumpy calcium oxide through the manhole and handhole (avoid the calcium oxide directly contacting the boiler drum steel plate) and then shut down the gate. It is required to inspect it once three months and replace the calcium oxide powder.
3.2湿法保养：
3.2 Maintenance in the wet method:
装置停用后，放出水冲洗干净，将配有纯碱或磷酸三钠的水重新加满装置，并加热100℃，使水中气体排出，然后关闭各处阀门，注意对于寒冷低于0℃的地方不可采用湿法保养，以免冻坏装置。
After stopping using the device, discharge the water and wash the device. Fill the device with the water prepared with sodium carbonate or trisodium phosphate and heat it up to 100℃ to exhaust the air within the water and then shut down all gates. The maintenance in the wet method can not be applied to the place where the temperature is below 0℃ in order to avoid freezing the device. |
