INVENTORY MANAGEMENT 库存管理
XXXXSEA-SAP core processes of inventory management.
XXXX 公司SEA－SPA库存管理核心流程
IM01 MATERIAL REQUISITION PROCESS IM01 物料申请流程
This scenario is to create purchase requisitions for stock (e.g. Spare parts) which have available stock fall below the minimum level defined in master record by using MRP.
在本程序概要中，将使用MRP（物料需求计划）程序创建库存物料（如备件等）采购申请的程序－当可用库存物料的数量低于主数据记录定义的最低库存量时。
Please note that the stock items which are not be subjected to use MRP to create PR, the warehouse people still can create PR manually as required when stock are not enough.
请注意，对那些不使用MRP（物料需求计划）程序创建采购申请的库存料件，当其库存量不足时，仓库工作人员仍然可以用手工方式创建采购申请。
XXXX Blueprint – Material Requisition Process XXXX工厂的业务蓝图 – 物料申请流程
2.2 Explanation of Functions and Events 功能和事件的解释
This process flow shows the process of how the Purchase Requisition of stock items are created by the warehouse department both for those items which are subjected to use MRP (called “MRP items”) and not subjected to use MRP (called “non-MRP items) in a clear picture.
本流程清楚显示存储部门创建库存料件采购申请的过程，这些库存料件既包括使用MRP（物料需求计划）程序的料件（简称“MRP料件”），也包括不使用MRP（物料需求计划）程序的料件（简称“非MRP料件”）。
Raw materials used for in-house production are managed as the components in the production BOM. The planned order of the components will be created automatically during the BOM explosion when running the PP/MRP. The PR is converted and released by Production Planning for further procurement activities.
用于内部生产的原材料，在管理时被看做是生产物料清单里的部件。当运行PP（生产计划）/MRP（物料需求计划）程序时，在物料清单展开后，部件的计划定单将会被自动创建出来。根据生产计划，对采购申请进行修改和审批，以进行下一步的实际采购。
MRP Items (Consumables and Raw materials) has MRP parameters that automatically generates purchase requisition when stock balance fall below the reorder point. This MRP run is scheduled to run daily in the background. The system generates directly the PR without release strategy and it does not pass the planned order stage anymore.
MRP 料件（消耗件和原材料）有MRP参数，根据这些参数，当库存量低于再定购点时，就会自动生成采购申请。根据计划，MRP程序每日都将运行。系统直接生成采购申请，不再需要审批，也不再需要经过计划定单的阶段。
For work order spare parts requirements, the system directly generates a purchase requisition with release strategy assigned to Maintenance Manager.
针对定购备件的需求，系统直接生成采购申请，审批权则分配给维护经理。
华译网上海翻译公司曾经翻译过大量有关物料申请流程的资料文件，Beijing Chinese Subtitling Translation Service Agency has translated many technical documents about Material requisition process.
6.1 System Configuration Consideration 系统配置考虑要点
SPARE PARTS 备件
For Spare Parts, the items which are subjected to use MRP have been considered for the manageable items that help warehouse management to create PR automatically by the time the balance on hand reach below the minimum level. For example, fast moving items , critical parts items. These items must always exist in the warehouse at least 1 item.
在备件中，那些使用MPR程序的料件被看作是系统可管理料件，这样在这些料件的库存量低于最低库存水平时，仓库管理人员就能自动创建采购申请。如出库量大的常用料件、关键零件等。仓库必须始终储藏有这些料件，数量至少要有1件。
The MRP procedure using for Spare Parts items is “Manual Reorder Point Procedure” meaning that the reorder point level (Minimum level), Maximum stock level and Safety stock level are defined manually in material master data. The system then calculates the net requirements by comparing the available stock at plant level (including safety stock) plus the firmed receipts that have already been planned (i.e. Purchase Order, Purchase Requisition) with the reorder point. If the sum of the stock plus receipts is less than reorder point, a material shortage exists. The system then calculates the procurement quantity according to the lot-sizing procedure define in Material master (i.e. Replenish up to maximum stock level) and calculates the delivery date based on the lead times defined also in Material master. Besides, the client requires the reservations must be taken into account in the calculation when running MRP.
备件使用的MPR程序，为“人工再定购点确定程序”，即在物料主数据记录中，用人工方式定义再定购点水平（最低库存水平）、最高库存水平、安全库存水平。接着系统通过将工厂的可用库存（包括安全库存）加上确认的计划采购定单及采购申请，与再定购点加以比较，计算出净需求量。如果库存总量加上采购定单及采购申请，低于再定购点，则存在物料短缺。接着系统根据物料主文件中定义的批量规划程序，计算采购数量（即补充至最高库存水平），并根据料主文件中定义的从定货到交货的时间，计算货物交付的日期。此外，在运行MRP程序时，客户机要求必须将库存预留纳入计算。
(For Spare parts : Use MRP type : V1, Lot size key : HB)
(备件 ：使用MRP类型：V1, 批量键值：HB)
(For Philippines spare parts: Use MRP type PD, lot size EX)
(XXXX工厂的备件： 使用MRP类型：PD，批量：EX)
(For Philippines consumables: Use MRP type V1, lot size HB)
(XXXX工厂的消耗件：使用MRP类型：V1，批量：HB)
RAW MATERIALS 原材料
For requirement of Raw Material, the production warehouse (called “Production Planning Department”) monitors stock and run MRP of In-house Products (i.e. Cements). the dependent requirements of the components (i.e. Raw Material such as Coal, Iron Sand, Silica, Pozzolana, Gypsum, etc.) are determined
针对原材料的需求，生产厂的仓库（被称为“生产计划部”）监控库存水平并运行厂内产品（即水泥）的MRP程序，在物料清单展开后，各部分原材料（如煤、铁、沙、硅石、火山灰、石膏等）的相关需求得到确定。
During the BOM explosion. For each component, the dependent requirements date is displaced by the in-house production time of the higher-level material.
各部分原材料，其相关需求日期被厂内高水平材料的生产日期所替换。
The MRP is carried out using current and future sales figures. The planned and the exact requirement quantities trigger the net requirements calculation. The requirement elements of this calculation include sales orders, planned independent requirements, material reservations, dependent requirements received from BOM explosion, and so on. The net requirements calculation can give the exact requirements for each period.
在进行物料需求计划时，使用目前和未来的销售数字。计划和实际需求量，引发对净需求量的计算。计算要素包括：销售定单、计划的独立需求量、物料预留、从物料清单展开中获得的相关需求量等。通过对净需求量的计算，可以给出每个时段精确的物料需求量。
(For Raw Material : Use MRP type : PD, Lot size key : EX)
原材料 ：使用MRP类型 ：PD, 批量键值：EX
(For Philippines Raw Materials: Use MRP type V1 and lot size FX)
XXXX工厂的原材料：使用MRP类型：V1, 批量：FX
6.4 Reporting Considerations 报告考虑要点
The MRP list report format which has already been modified for MSC will be used for checking the results from running MRP program (especially for purchasing of Spare Parts items).
在检查运行MPR程序得出的结果时（尤其是检查备件的采购量），将使用已经为MSC系统修改过的MPR列表报告格式。
Philippines doesn’t use the MRP list because our MRP run generates directly the purchase requisition.
由于我们的MRP程序直接生成采购申请，XXXX工厂不使用MRP列表。
6.5 Authorization Consideration 授权考虑要点
All Purchase Requisitions of stock items created in the system will be released online by the Warehouse Superintendent without limitation of values required. The hard copy of supporting documents (i.e. Material specification, Drawing and so on) are submitted to the authorized Superintendent in helping on approval process.
所有由系统创建的库存料件采购申请，都将由仓库总管进行在线审批，且无规定的价值限制。将向获授权的仓库总管提交证明文件(即物料规格,图纸等)的纸质版本，以协助完成审批程序。 |
