5.2.2.4 Tem o r a r sLoclc,llin~ oC m a t e r i a l s . Where the earthwork program is such t h a t selected material cannot

be ;lacG: direc:ly in t h e a p p r o p r i a t e posltion, the Engliieer may authorize the removal of such material

to temporary s t o c k p t l e s .

1 1ghL grading.

The selected material s h a l l be stockpiled in successive layers over the Eull s t o c k p i l e area to

dimensLons ilia1 are approximately those requlred by the Engineer.

s h a l l be so shaped and t i d i e d after removal or the s t o c k p i l e t h a t erosion by wind and weather is

minlmizod.

 

Disposal OF surplus or unsirttable m a l e r u .

(including waste or o v e r s h e material bladed oEE the road) s h a l l be disposed oE as d i r e c t e d . Spoil

material s h a l l not be compacted but s h a l l he spread, shaped, and given a f r e e dratning smooth surface

such as is normally ohtalnab Le with careftrl bulldozer o p e r a l i o n s .

Catchwater mounds and channrls and mitrekanks and channels. Where shown on the drawings or ordered.

catchwater mounds and channels (see (a) and (h) on Drawing DM-2) and mitre banks and channeLs s h a l l be

constructed to dimensions and detaLls as d l r e c t e d .

Stockplle sites selected hy the Engineer s h a l l be prepared by c l e a r i n g and

The area occupied by the s t o c k p i l e

 

5.2.2.5 Surplus or u n s u t t n h l e m a t e r i a l from excavations

5.2.3 Treatmeill of the Ro,ld-ned

 

5.2.3.1 Natural draining OF road-bed. Any drainable waterlogged road-bed. such as s a t u r a t e d material overlying

less pervious stra&-first be dralned hy the i n s t a l l a t i o n of a l l permanent surface and s u b s o i l

drainage shown on the drawings or as may be d l r e c t e d . Hollows in rock c u t s s h a l l be linked to ensure

e f f e c t t v e drainage before any o t h e r c o n s t r u c t t o n is s t a r t e d on such cuts.

 

5.2.3.2 Removal of uiisiittable grounda)

Road-bcd material that occurs below the formation l e v e l and is consldeted by the Engineer to be of a

q u a l i t y that wlll be detrimental to the perEorinance of the completed road, s h a l l be removed to such

widths and depths as ordered. and disposed of as d i r e c l e d . The excavated spac.es s h a l l then be

b a c k f l l l e d with approved liiiported materlal. A l t e r n a t i v e l y . i f so ordered, the road-bed material s h a l l

be s t a b t Lized.

b) The Engineer may also order t h a t material t h a t is too w e t to provide a s t a b l e plaLEorm for the

c o n s t r u c t i o n of the subgrade he removed and replaced w i t h s u i t a b l e dry m a t e r i a l . The Contractor w i l l

be paid for such work provided t h a t the Engineer is s a t i s f i e d t h a t , d e s p i t e adequate temporary drainage

provided by the ConLracLor and permanent drainage ordered by the Englneer, the wet conditions are not

l l k e l y to he remedied withln a reasonabke t i m e , and provided Eurther t h a t the wet conditions could not

reasonably have been foreseen or avoided by the plannlng of c o n s t r u c t i o n work for a dry period.

 

a) Preparatinn and coml>act2tl OF road-hcd. Any portion of the road-bed that lies within the selected

layer and that, with the exception of its densfty. is i n the opinion of the Engineer s u l t a b l e for use

i n place. shall he scaciEied to the depth d i r e c t e d , watered, and compacted to the depth and percentage

of modified ABSHTO maximum density ordered.

l f necessary, road-bed material may have to be temporarily bladed oft to windrow in order to achieve

the necessary depth of compactton.

Where a d d i l l o n e 1 m a t e r l a l has to he imported to obtain the required l e v e l s and l a y e r t h i c k n e s s e s , the

in-place material s h a l l he s c a r i f i e d , the necessary imported material placed, and the t w o materials

mixed and compacted to the f u l l deslgnated depth of t h e l a y e r . The lmported material w i l l be measured

under 8.3.4 (cut to f i l l or borrow to €ill, as a p p r o p r i a t e ) . and the in-place material w i l l be measured

under 8 . 3 . 3 (treatment of road-bed).

b) In-place treatment of road-bed in intermediate or hard rock mater&

 

1) Where shown on the drawings or d i r e c l e d , the road-bed s h a l l be t r e a t e d in place by the breaking up

o f undesirable formations of hard or rocky materials in order to achleve a unlEorm standard oE

compactton or to improve drainage, or both.

Treatment tn place shall c o n s i s t of ripping or b l a s t i n g Lo a depth below formation level that increases

from the c e n t r e OF the road-bed to the edges on normally cambered s e c t i o n s . Unless otherwise indicated

on the drawings oc d i r e c t e d ,

i) the depth helow formatton l e v e l of ripping In the c e n t r e of the road-bed s h a l l be at least 300 mm,

and a t the edges OF the road-bed s h a l l be at least 500 mm, and

it) the depth below formation level of. d r i l l i n g and b l a s t i n g s h a l l he at least 700 mm at the c e n t r e of

the road-bed and at least 1 000 mm at the edges oE the road-bed.

 

On superelevated s e c t i o n s the treatment s h a l l , i E so d i r e c t e d or shown on the drawings, have a uniform

c r o s s f a l l and a minimuin depth of 400 mm i n the case oE ripping and 850 mm i n the case of b l a s t i n g .

 

2) After ripping or b l a s t l n g the materlal s h a l l be processed as follows:

I) Where the Engineer i n s t r u c t s t h e Contractor to rip the in-sttu material the whole of the material

s h a l l he sized by r o l l i n g or knapping u n t i l the maxlmum dimension of any clod or spa11 is not more than

two-thirds oE the thickness of the l a y e r , a f t e r compactton.

Unless otherwise approved, the material s h a l l then be compacted as speciEied in 5 . 2 . 4 . 2 .

ii) Where the Engineer i n s t r u c t s the ConlracLor to b l a s t t h e i n - s i t u material, and where, i n the

oplnion of the Engineer, ripped material cannot he compacted a s s p e c i f i e d in 5 . 2 . 4 . 2 , the whole oE the

material s h a l l be processcd and compacLed as s p e c i f i e d in 5 . 2 . 4 . 2 ( d ) except t h a t no Eine material s h a l l

be added.

Surplus maLerial a r l s i n g Erom bulking after treatment in place by the processes speciCied in (i) and

(it) above s h a l l he removed to f i l l or to s p o i l . as d i r e c t e d .

 

5.2.3.3 Treatment of road-bed

SARS 1200 11M-1381

Earthworks (roads, subgrade)

8

5.2.4.1

P r e p ra t to2

a) General.

during placing and colnpaclion of the materLa1 as specified i n 5.2.4.2. Oversize material t h a t cannot

be broken down to the maximm perniissihle s l z e specified in 3.2.3 shall be removed and used or disposed

of as directed.

b) Benching. On ground with a slope g r e a t e r than one v e r t i c a l to s i x horizoutal and on the s i d e s of

e x i s t i n g einhankments that are to be widened, the e x i s t i n g surcace shall be cut away, as shown on

Drawing DM-1, to forltl benches on wliLch the CLll is to be consIrrrcled, each bench bctng cut as the f i l l

is compacted and brought up. ExcepL on areas of s o l i d rock, the dimensions of benches shalt he

s u f f i c i e n t Lo pcrmlt the operation oE plactng and compaction quipmenl. The slope or embankment s h a l l

bc giveit an l n i t i a l bench at the toe of the f i l l as set out from the designated l e v e l s and crosssect

ions.

On areas of s o l i d rock, the dimensions of benches may he smalkr than those required for the operation

of equipment, and the benches may c o n s i s t of s t e p s or s e r r a t i o n s cut into the s l o p e , with the steps or

upper surfaces of serrations sloping Inwards, t o ensure a sat s f a c t o r y bond between the slope and the

f i l l . The material s h a l l he placed

at the toe of the F i l l i n a s i n g l e l a y e r to the minimum eleval.Lon LhaL w i l l permit the e f f e c t i v e

operat ton of placing and compacting equipment.

Material excavated from benches. i f s u i t a b l e . s h a l l be incorporalcd into the f i l l (see 8.2.4.4, 8.3.4,

and 8.3.7).

 

A l l material used in the coilstrclctton of f i l l s s h a l l be broken down during excavation and

Vie f i l l on areas of solid rock s h a l t preferably c o n s i s t oE rock.

Placing and compact&!

a) General.

of Subclause 5.2.3 of SARS 1200 D or Subclauses 5.2.3 and 5.2.4 of SABS 1200 DA. as applicable. s h a l l

Except where they are i n conf llct wiLh the requirements of (b)-(g) below. the requirements

 

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